Cognitive symptoms after COVID-19 have been increasingly recognized several months after the acute infection and have been designated as “brain fog.” We report a patient with cognitive symptoms that started immediately after COVID-19, in which cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers were highly suggestive of Alzheimer’s disease. Our case highlights the need to examine patients with cognitive symptoms following COVID-19 comprehensively. A detailed assessment combining clinical, cognitive, and biomarker studies may help disentangle the underlying mechanisms associated with cognitive dysfunction in each case. The (...) investigation of neurodegenerative processes in an early stage, especially in older patients, is probably warranted. (shrink)

The article intends to analyze Nietzsche’s style. Nietzsche uses language in order to ground and criticize established knowledge. Thus, he leads the raw-material of the artist, the language, to a crisis. He tries, by means of a renewed way of writing, to promote the creation of a more artistic world. Tracing a relationship between style and life, Nietzsche makes corporeality play a key role in his writings.

Food citizenship is considered a helpful tool for extending the debate about the rights and duties of citizens to the field of food, and for fomenting participation of all actors in the governance of agri-food systems. Despite its generalized use, this concept has still to be systematically defined. The objective of this article is to apply the analytical framework of citizenship to the food dimension in order to identify the features which, from an analytical perspective, characterise food citizenship. By reviewing (...) the available literature, we identify which are the constituent elements associated with the current concept of citizenship and we explore the treatment that different food theory approaches give to them. We also analyze what are the characteristics attributed to food citizenship by scholars and food movement practitioners. In addition, we propose a theoretical model of food citizenship structured into eight propositions. These propositions have as core ideas an extended concept of the right to food, the assumption of obligations, the combination of public and private behavior, the individual and collective participation, the empowerment of all actors of the agri-food system, the promotion of justice, fairness and sustainability in food systems, and a cosmopolitan character of food citizenship. The theoretical model of food citizenship we propose is a framework under construction, but we believe it to be a useful tool to stimulate theoretical debate about the concept, guide empirical research and foment citizen awareness about food issues. (shrink)

This paper describes a scenario-based methodology called the NeOn Methodology framework. The aim of this framework is to speed up the construction of ontologies and ontology networks by reu...

Según la doctrina del “discurso del odio”, todo mensaje calificable como tal supondrá por definición un abuso del derecho fundamental a la libertad de expresión. Esta doctrina, elaborada en distintas etapas por el TEDH a lo largo de las últimas décadas, ha sido seguida por la jurisprudencia española como pauta interpretativa de los llamados “delitos apologéticos”. En atención a esta linea, la ratio legis de este grupo de delitos consistiría, simplemente, en la prohibición del discurso del odio. La vaguedad de (...) esta idea ha llevado a un sector doctrinal a abandonar el paradigma del bien jurídico, para defender como alternativa la distinción entre daño y ofensa. En el presente trabajo se expondrán y valorarán críticamente los presupuestos y efectos de la “doctrina del odio” y se relativizará la eficacia práctica del binomio “daño-ofensa”, para llegar a una conclusión común: ambas concepciones son tautológicas. (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una propuesta didáctica atractiva y motivadora que favorezca la implicación del alumnado universitario en las asignaturas vinculadas a la Historia económica. A través de una metodología propia de la Historia Oral se pretende establecer un vínculo entre los estudiantes, las técnicas de investigación historiográfica y la evolución histórica de su región en materia económica y social. Los resultados de este proyecto confirman que su aplicación hace el proceso de aprendizaje más significativo, conecta a (...) sus participantes con el mundo que les rodea y les ayuda a comprender cómo se hace y se escribe la historia. (shrink)

La formación ciudadana constituye uno de los pilares fundamentales para las movilizaciones sociales con sentido, democráticas, inteligentes y conscientes. La presente revisión tuvo como propósito elaborar una recopilación de la literatura sobre el concepto de formación ciudadana en relación a la protesta social. Se efectuó una revisión sistemática que recogió 43 artículos de carácter empírico analítico. De esta forma, se precisaron aspectos relacionados con los retos y tensiones de la formación ciudadana en Latinoamérica y, en particular, en la del caso (...) colombiano. Todo esto ejemplifica la importancia de reconocer que todo el componente educativo formal tiene un poder significativo en la conciencia colectiva, con sujetos críticos, autónomos, con valores, sensibles a las problemáticas de su contexto, capaces de asumir una actitud reflexiva para la toma de decisiones apropiadas. (shrink)

The aim of the present study is to analyze individual differences in academic self-efficacy within a population of Unaccompanied Foreign Minors from the European cities of Ceuta and Melilla. Variables describing educational level and length of stay were considered in a sample of 377 individuals being cared for in different youth centers. Of these, 63.4% belonged to the group who had stayed at the center for less than 9 months and 36.6% reported a length of stay of more than 9 (...) months. The age of participants ranged between 8 and 17 years old. Once the quality parameters of the instrument were elaborated, reliability and validity was confirmed through Confirmatory Factor Analysis using Structural Equation Modeling methodology. Data collection was then initiated. The results overall indicate that 87.6% of those who completed the questionnaire reported a higher level of self-efficacy with regards to working with any classmate, whilst at the same time seeing themselves as capable of achieving good marks. ANOVA results indicated significant differences with respect to educational level and length of stay. In this regard, students who had received professional training and had been at the Center for more than 9 months, were the ones who developed greater academic self-efficacy for spending more time working when tasks were judged to be difficult. The results obtained demonstrate that any intervention will be positive as long as it promotes different institutions to develop strategies that cater to a length of stay of more than 9 months and target education, academic self-efficacy, socialization and strengthening the future workforce. Such interventions can be directed through new European, Spanish or local level policies. It is clear that institutions still have a lot of work left to do. (shrink)

Las aulas son contextos donde las emociones forman parte del proceso de aprendizaje. Las habilidades emocionales del docente son claves para fomentar ambientes de aprendizaje positivo. Pero ¿Cómo ayudan al profesorado y al alumnado?, ¿Cómo podemos mejorar las habilidades emocionales?, ¿Qué programas existen? Este trabajo aporta evidencias y recomendaciones útiles para el desarrollo de programas de inteligencia emocional con docentes.

Despite its apparent simplicity, the speech act of complimenting has received a great deal of attention in the literature. However, studies have mostly focused on compliments’ realization in face-to-face conversational exchanges, while they have often been neglected in other channels such as online communication. This article is intended to redress the balance in support of online exchanges. More specifically, we aim to investigate how users of online social networks like Facebook use compliments to evaluate others and strengthen social rapport in (...) English and Spanish. In order to do so, we gathered two balanced corpora in both languages. The samples were quantitatively and qualitatively analysed using a systemic functional framework. The analysis reveals that compliments constitute a system of choices where several available options help Facebook users to encode their evaluation of the other from various perspectives. Furthermore, results also show that despite superficial similarities, compliments in both languages follow remarkably different frequencies of use which reflect deep cultural differences. (shrink)

En el siguiente artículo se muestran los resultados de una investigación sobre el uso de técnicas plásticas en los programas educativos de los museos de la ciudad de Bolonia. Para ello se ha diseñado una herramienta específica para la recogida de datos sobre el uso de técnicas plásticas en los diseños educativos en los museos de la ciudad, siguiendo con los principios de investigación de corte cualitativo. Tras el análisis de los datos obtenidos los principales resultados que arroja el estudio (...) se pueden observar cómo los museos incorporan las técnicas plásticas en sus diseños, pero principalmente técnicas tradicionales y con un sentido lúdico. (shrink)

El presente artículo aborda la profunda relación de Nietzsche con el lenguaje desde la perspectiva de la filosofía, de la filología y de la poesía. Son reflexiones que remiten al interés del filósofo por la retórica, del filólogo por el estilo, y del poeta que hace uso del lenguaje lírico. Se analizarán cuestiones básicas en la escritura de Nietzsche como la musicalidad, el ritmo, el tono, la metáfora y el carácter dialógico de sus textos.

RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza el sentido e implicaciones del Artículo 12 de la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapadad a la luz de la Observación General Nº1 de su Comité y se centra en determinar su impacto en el régimen general de atribución de personalidad y capacidad jurídica y en el ámbito del Derecho Privado y de Familia del Estado de Qatar. ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the meaning and implications of Article 12 of the International Convention (...) on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the light of the General Comment No. 1 of its Committee. It focuses on determining the impact of this General Comment to the general regime of personality and capacity attribution in the field of Private law and Family law on Qatar. PALABRAS CLAVE: capacidad jurídica, CDPD, derecho privado, legislación qatarí. KEYWORDS: legal capacity – CRPD – private law – Qatari legislation. (shrink)

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the approach to the health-disease system, raising the question about the principles of bioethics present in physician–patient relations. The principles while widely accepted may not be sufficient for a comprehensive ethical analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the perception of these principles and the physician–patient relationship during a hospital stay through a qualitative approach. Method Sixteen semi-structured interviews took place to know the patients’ perception during their 2020 hospitalization for COVID-19. (...) The data was analyzed through the constant comparison method, creating categories and comparing them. In the end, seven categories were established and were grouped in three: bioethical principles (dignity, charity, vulnerability, autonomy), doctor-patient relationship (participant commitment, informed consent, health staff-patient relationship) and the experience of the disease (illness, the role of the family). Results The research found that most patients described a positive experience, with the feeling of having been well cared for with no sense of discrimination or injustice done. The majority also reported that their autonomy was respected in the treatment decisions. The evaluation of these attitudes is an area of opportunity, especially when the patients' vulnerability is at risk. Conclusions The ethics of virtue offers a better reflection of how human beings manifest themselves by emphasizing the development of virtuous character and behaviors that allow them to realize their values in life. Authorized by the Research Ethics Committee with registration: DI/18/105-B/3/308. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza las lecturas que realizó Martin Heidegger de la Ética a Nicómaco de Aristóteles a partir de las anotaciones y subrayados que se conservan en un ejemplar que perteneció al filósofo alemán y que actualmente se custodia en la Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad de Salamanca. Las diversas notas y glosas manuscritas que Heidegger anota al margen de las páginas en la obra de Aristóteles permiten conocer mejor la influencia que este libro ejerció en la filosofía heideggeriana y (...) descubren que «el taller histórico y filológico» que Martin Heidegger instauró a partir del texto aristotélico fue crucial para el desarrollo de algunos conceptos fundamentales de su pensamiento. (shrink)

The sexual double standard refers to the acceptance of different criteria to assess the same sexual behavior in men and women. To date, the few studies that have addressed the relationship between SDS and sexual satisfaction have obtained inconclusive results. In addition, no study has analyzed sexual satisfaction in people who maintain different forms of adherence to the SDS. This study establishes three SDS typologies of adherence in two areas of sexual behavior to examine the predictive capacity of personal variables, (...) interpersonal variables and social variables in sexual satisfaction. A sample of 1194 heterosexual adults aged between 18 and 87 years, who had been in a relationship for more than 6 months, was evaluated. In men, the highest sexual satisfaction levels were obtained in the egalitarian typology in the sexual freedom area. In women, no significant differences were found between the typologies of adherence to the SDS. Regression models showed that relationship satisfaction was the main predictor of sexual satisfaction in all the typologies in both men and women. In addition, the predictive relationship of personal variables with sexual satisfaction varied according to gender and the SDS adherence type. The results show the importance of studying sexual satisfaction by taking into account not only the differences between men and women. Furthermore, it is essential to consider other differences between people; for example, the difference that derives from the way of psychologically internalizing attitude toward the SDS. (shrink)

The aim of this study was to investigate the consistency between the self-reports and teacher ratings of students’ emotional and social inclusion at school as well as for their academic self-concept. The German version of the Perceptions of Inclusion Questionnaire (PIQ) was administered to 329 grade 8 students (50.8% female, Mage = 14.5 years, SDage = 0.5 years) and their teachers. First, the three-dimensional structure of both PIQ versions was confirmed by confirmatory item factor analysis. The  and  coefficients (...) demonstrated good reliability for all scales. Second, a correlated trait-correlated method minus one model provided evidence that the method-specificity of teacher ratings was larger than the consistency between the self-reports and teacher ratings. Third, the results of a latent difference model indicated that general method effects can partly be explained by a student’s gender or special educational needs. Finally, the low consistency between self-reports and teacher rating is discussed. (shrink)

We examine the unique nature of agency problems within publicly traded family firms by investigating the earnings management decision of dominant family owners relative to non-family. To do so, we draw upon literature demonstrating that family owners are loss averse with respect to the family’s socioemotional wealth, or the affective endowment derived from firm ownership and control. Our theory and findings suggest that potential reputational consequences of earnings management lead family principals to engage in less of this practice relative to (...) non-family firms, and that founder family firms are less likely than non-founder family firms to use earnings management. Moreover, the family-firm effect varies with the firm size, the degree of CEO entrenchment, and the firm’s stock structure. We provide important insights regarding differences between family and non-family principals in the use of unethical accounting practices, thereby extending agency theory and advancing an underdeveloped research area. (shrink)

We draw on the behavioral agency model to explore the ethical consequences of CEO equity incentives. We argue that CEOs are more concerned with funding pension plans when they have more to gain from their stock options yet will increasingly underfund employee pension funds as their current option wealth increases. Our findings reveal that both effects hold when the CEO has greater power (also occupying board chair) over firm decision making. Our study suggests that there is an ethical dimension to (...) equity incentives, given they are intended to align CEO interests with shareholders, yet potentially incentivize CEO behaviors with adverse consequences for employees. Insights from our findings provide boards and regulators with behavioral levers to protect employee well-being in the context of pension funding. (shrink)

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los presupuestos del escritor, crítico y ensayista español Juan Mas y Pi (1878-1916) sobre la cuestión social del arte. Para ello, me serviré del texto “Arte social”, publicado en 1906 en la revista Germen. Revista popular de sociología, dirigida por Alejandro Sux. Abordaré cuál es el origen, la esencia y la función del arte para que obra, artista y experiencia estética sirvan a la causa del proceso de perfeccionamiento de la Humanidad hacia un (...) futuro libre de cualquier tipo de opresión y sufrimiento. (shrink)

Pedro Cerezo nos presenta un nuevo itinerario para transitar por la Fenomenología del espíritu en un libro imprescindible para los lectores de Hegel. Considerándola una obra de madurez, el autor nos la presenta como un camino central de la metafísica europea, cuya articulación categorial se encuentra en la Ciencia de la Lógica, pero su descubrimiento experiencial es lo que constituye la Fenomenología, al hilo de un escepticismo que se va consumando sobre la totalidad de la experiencia del mundo.

Ante ciertos modelos causales del agente libre inspirados en Tomás de Aquino, resulta interesante atender al modelo causal presentado por Tomás mismo, especialmente en un texto a partir del cual se puede rastrear la exposición de la acción libre como el efecto de los cuatro sentidos causales aristotélicos. Se trata de la cuestión sobre los actos imperados (ST I–II, q. 17); en cuyos primeros cuatro artículos –y en sus textos paralelos– determina que la voluntad es causa agente; la razón práctica, (...) causa ordenadora; y el imperium de ambas (razón y voluntad) se relaciona con el acto imperado como lo formal con lo material. (shrink)